What is GLP-1?

GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a gut hormone that signals fullness and slows digestion; GLP-1 medications mimic that signal to reduce appetite and lower blood sugar.

GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a gut hormone that signals fullness and slows digestion; GLP-1 medications mimic that signal to reduce appetite and lower blood sugar. GLP-1 is released from cells in the small intestine after you eat. It tells the pancreas to release insulin, slows how fast the stomach empties, and signals the brain to register fullness. GLP-1 receptor agonist medications — semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus), tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound), liraglutide (Saxenda), and orforglipron (Foundayo) — copy that natural signal and hold it active for longer. The result is reduced appetite, slower gastric emptying, and lower post-meal blood sugar. All the common GLP-1 side effects (nausea, fullness, constipation, slow digestion) trace back to the same mechanism.

Related pages

• Compare GLP-1 medications
• GLP-1 tracking app
• GLP-1 glossary

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